Hundreds of Israeli settlers have taken part in deadly wave of violence while Israeli forces looked on

Settler attacks on Palestinians in West Bank have increased dramatically since 7 October

‘Violence is integral to the establishment and expansion of these settlements and to sustaining apartheid’ - Heba Morayef

An alarming spike in violence by Israeli settlers against Palestinians across the occupied West Bank highlights the urgent need for Israel to dismantle illegal settlements and end its occupation of the Palestinian Territories, as well as its longstanding system of apartheid against Palestinians, said Amnesty International. 

Between 12 and 16 April, hundreds of Israeli settlers went on a deadly rampage launching violent raids on Palestinian villages in the West Bank - including al-Mughayyir, Duma, Deir Dibwan, Beitin and Aqraba.

In these attacks - in which settlers set fire to homes and vehicles - at least four Palestinians were killed by either settlers or Israeli forces, including 17-year-old Omar Hamed near Ramallah, and two men shot dead near Nablus - Abdulrahman Bani Fadel and Mohammed Bani Jami’. In the latest violence, a Palestinian paramedic was shot dead in the village of al-Sawiya south of Nablus on 20 April. 

Videos verified by Amnesty show Israeli forces were present and failed to intervene during settler attacks in Deir Dibwan, east of Ramallah. Witness testimony gathered by Amnesty also indicate that members of the Israeli military either joined in with attacks or stood by as violence unfolded in Aqraba, south-east of Nablus, and Kufr Malik, north-east of Ramallah. Over the past six months, settler violence has drastically increased, but the most recent spike in attacks came after a 14-year-old Israeli boy - Binyamin Ahimeir, from the illegal settlement outpost of Mal’achei Hashalom, north-east of Ramallah - went missing on 12 April and was found dead the next day.

Incidents caught on camera at Deir Dibwan on 13 April - verified by Amnesty - show Israeli soldiers standing by as settlers vandalise Palestinian property. CCTV footage from the Israeli NGO Yesh Din shows two individuals entering a garage and setting a car on fire while two Israeli soldiers look on. Soldiers also watch as Israeli settlers set up a roadblock across the main road leading to the village. Another video shows Palestinian civilians throwing rocks at the military, and the sounds of likely gunshots are heard.

In a separate incident, two young men - Abd Al-Rahman Bani Fadel and Mohammed Bani Jami’ - were killed in the village of Khirbet Twayyil, near Aqraba, south of Nablus, after settlers opened fire on them, according to the mayor of Agraba, Salah Bani Jaber. In a statement posted on social media, Israeli forces said that a preliminary investigation indicated their forces were not responsible for the killings. Verified video footage confirms the Israeli military were at the scene during the incident and shows groups of Palestinians running away as the sound of likely gunshots is heard.

The mayor of Agraba told Amnesty he saw members of the Israeli army standing by during the attack:

“Not only was the army there and did nothing - today we shouldn’t say that the settlers attack under the protection of the army, but that the army is under the protection of the settlers.” 

He added that the relationship between the Israeli military and settlers is “complementary”, and that the Israeli authorities continue with systematic practices such as land confiscation, home demolitions and barring access to farming lands.

Muntaser Al-Maliki, a resident of Kufr Malik, another of the villages attacked, said he saw Israelis in army uniform taking part in the attacks on 14 April. He told Amnesty: 

“What is happening right now is [the] erasure of humans, trees and stones, and anything that is Palestinian, by settlers under the support of the military. These attacks are systematic and under the support and protection of the army. There were also settlers in army uniforms among the attackers. The situation frankly is disastrous ...The solution is to uproot and dismantle all the settlements.”

Footage provided by a local resident from Kufr Malik - verified by Amnesty - shows soldiers kicking and then arresting a civilian who is kneeling on the ground. The soldiers are accompanied by a man who appears to be an Israeli settler.

According to media reports 25 people were wounded by live ammunition, and houses and vehicles were set on fire, during an attack by settlers on al-Mughayyir, near the illegal outpost Mal’achei Hashalom. One man, Jihad Afif Sedqui Abu Aliah, was killed in the attack. Footage published on social media on 12 April, again verified by Amnesty, shows Israeli settlers surrounding a property in the village and confronting Palestinians on its rooftop. 

Settler attacks on Palestinians in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, were already systematic but have increased since the 7 October attack. Since then, according to B’Tselem, settler violence has already displaced nearly 20 communities.

Heba Morayef, Amnesty International’s Middle East and North Africa Director, said:

“The appalling spike in settler violence against Palestinians in recent days is part of a decades long state-backed campaign to dispossess, displace and oppress Palestinians in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, under Israel’s system of apartheid.

“Israeli forces have a track record of enabling settler violence and it is outrageous that once again Israeli forces stood by and in some cases took part in these brutal attacks.

“Establishing Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territories flagrantly violates international law and constitutes a war crime. 

“Violence is integral to the establishment and expansion of these settlements and to sustaining apartheid.

“The latest attacks are a stark reminder that imposing sanctions on individual violent settlers fails to address the root causes of the violence, including relentless settlement expansion and Israel’s occupation and system of apartheid.”

Displaced Palestinian-Bedouin people

Many of the villages attacked in recent days - including al-Mughayyir, Kufr Malik and Khirbet Abu Falah - are locations hosting recently-displaced Palestinian-Bedouin people who were previously forced out of their communities north-east of Ramallah by settler violence. 

A Palestinian woman displaced from Al-Mu’arrajat described to Amnesty how such attacks have intensified over the past five years:

“This violence is not new to us. We suffered their [settlers] attacks in Al-Mu’arrajat since 2018, and it scarily intensified since 7 October … Every place we move to, they come and displace us again. People come visit and tell us to stay steadfast, but how can we stay steadfast when our lives and livelihood and the lives of our children are in danger? ... This is a systematic policy that allows the settlers to attack residents and burn everything down, and no one is doing anything to stop it.” 

In February, the US government imposed sanctions on four violent Israeli settlers accused of involvement in attacks in the West Bank. The UK and France followed suit. A further round of sanctions was issued by the Biden administration on 19 April.