'The armed militias (Janjawid) supported by the Sudanese government armed forces have been responsible for massive human rights violations against the civilian population in Darfur,' the delegates said.

'Our research confirmed again the systematic and well-organised pillaging and destruction of villages, which led to the forced displacement of the rural population of Darfur,' said Amnesty International’s delegates. 'The Janjawid, often in military uniform, accompanied by soldiers, attacked each village not once, but often three or four times before the population fled. Local people gave us more details of the two large-scale extrajudicial executions in Murli and Deleij carried out by security forces and Janjawid.'

The international concern about the horror and devastation in Darfur needs to be translated into real changes on the ground, said Amnesty International’s delegates. The Sudanese government has so far failed to take concrete and prompt measures to stop the horrendous cycle of killings and rape committed by the Janjawid militias against the civilian population of Darfur.

On 22 May, Janjawid violated the ceasefire and killed at least 40 villagers and burnt five villages including Tabaldiya and Abqarajeh, 15 km south of Nyala. They reportedly arrived, some in army uniforms, on horses and camels. On the day the observer agreement was signed on 28 May the Sudanese air force bombed the village of Tabet on a market day, reportedly killing 12 people. The Sudanese authorities have denied these attacks and accused the SLA and the JEM of violating the ceasefire.

'The Janjawid who attacked the Tabaldiya villages reportedly came from the former army training camp of Dumai, near Nyala,' said Amnesty International. “The government is not addressing the impunity of the Janjawid, it is integrating them into the army.

“The violence against civilians breaches not only international human rights standards but also appeared often to be an intentional attempt to humiliate and destroy the social fabric of the communities. We heard accounts of summary and systematic killing of civilians including in mosques, rape of Women's rights's rightss rights's rights's rights's rights and girls with their husbands or parents nearby and the burning of old Women's rights's rightss rights's rights's rights's rights in their homes,” the organisation’s delegates said.

Hundreds of thousands of civilians have been forced to abandon their devastated villages in Darfur. Some of them have been compelled to seek refuge in overpopulated centres in the region. These centres face serious scarcity of basic needs such as food, water, tents and medical supplies.

Thousands of others have braved serious risks to life to reach eastern Chad. A refugee told Amnesty International’s delegates: “I have lost everything now; I have nothing but the fingers of my two hands.” Another added: “As long as the safety of my family is not guaranteed, I don’t wish to return home.”

A 13-year-old boy told how he was abducted by security forces and the Janjawid from a farm and taken to a camp near Khartoum. There, he was stripped naked and flogged. Another youth told how he was held in a Janjawid camp for three weeks until he escaped.

One of the focuses of the Amnesty International mission was violence against Women's rights's rightss rights's rights's rights's rights. “They came and took away our wives and daughters; they were not ashamed to rape them in the open,” a village chief said.

A woman told how she and a group of girls were taken away by attackers wearing civilian clothes and khaki uniforms and raped repeatedly over a three-day period. They told them: “next time we come, we will exterminate you all, we will not even leave a child alive.”

Nearly two months after the ceasefire, signed on 8 April 2004, the ceasefire monitors, who are mandated to report on violations, are not yet in place. It is not clear how effective 90 monitors (60 military personnel and 30 civilians) will be in an area the size of France where daily killings and rapes are still being reported.

“The international community should provide the African Union with the necessary political and logistical support for them to be effective and they must report publicly,” the organisation urged.

Amnesty International is repeating its call for human rights monitors under a mandate of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to closely monitor the human rights situation in Darfur. The organisation emphasised that the monitors must have expertise in gender and sexual violence.

Delegates stressed the continuing fear of the refugees in the Chad border area of attacks by the Janjawid.

“Only if steps are taken to ensure that the militias are no longer in a position to abuse human rights will the displaced have any confidence in the future,” they said. “Consistent reports from Sudanese in Chad and Darfur suggest that the Janjawid are actually occupying many of the villages left empty by the fleeing population.”

Background

For online content and actions on the Darfur crisis, go to: www.amnesty.org/pages/sdn-index-eng